National climate targets depend on local governments to deliver them. This brief introduces Multilevel Climate Governance and Action (MLGCA), the processes and tools that connect national policy frameworks with local implementation. It covers National-Local Dialogues, adaptive and transition management, policy diffusion, and harmonized greenhouse gas inventories. It also outlines local government roles, key stakeholders, and monitoring indicators. Case studies come from UrbanShift countries, OECD cities, and coastal cities in Southeast Asia.
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